What is calculus in the context of dental health?

Calculus, in the context of dental health, refers to a mineralized form of biofilm that forms on the surfaces of teeth. It develops when plaque, a soft and sticky bacterial film, is not adequately removed through brushing and flossing. Over time, minerals present in saliva crystallize within the plaque, leading to calcification and forming a hard deposit known as calculus or tartar.

The presence of calculus is significant because it provides a rough surface that further attracts more plaque and bacteria, which can contribute to periodontal disease and damage to the gum tissue. Regular dental cleanings are necessary to remove calculus, as it cannot be removed by brushing alone once it has formed. Recognizing this distinction helps individuals understand the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene practices to prevent calculus formation and improve overall dental health.