In dental terminology, what does the term 'cervical' refer to?

The term 'cervical' in dental terminology specifically refers to the area of the tooth that is closest to the root. This region is situated near the neck of the tooth, which is where the crown meets the root. Understanding this term is crucial for dental professionals because it helps in identifying areas for treatment, particularly in procedures related to gum health, root exposure, and periodontal concerns. The cervical region is also significant when considering the placement of restorations or evaluating for decay that may occur near the gum line, which can lead to more serious dental issues if not monitored and treated appropriately.