How is systemic fluoride delivered to the body?

Systemic fluoride is delivered to the body primarily through ingestion. This can occur via fluoride-containing food, water, or supplements. When fluoride is ingested, it enters the bloodstream and can then be utilized by various tissues in the body, including the developing teeth, to help strengthen enamel and prevent dental caries. This systemic delivery mechanism is particularly important in early childhood when teeth are forming.

Topical applications, such as fluoride varnishes or gels, primarily provide a localized benefit to the teeth and do not contribute to systemic fluoride levels. Injecting fluoride into the gums is not a standard practice for systemic delivery and is not effective for the intended purpose of strengthening teeth. Professional treatments, while effective, are mostly topical and do not represent the systemic method of fluoride delivery.